Prevention with Positives
APLA's Prevention with Positives (PwP) program develops and supports strategies to reduce transmission risk among people living with HIV/AIDS and offers prevention resources to the uninfected. The program also provides access to information and resources for curriculum and evaluation development, PwP trainings and information on promising prevention strategies.
The program is based on current technical assistance initiatives, research projects and assessments and is managed by specialists in HIV prevention, capacity building and program evaluation.
Promising Prevention Strategies
Below are links to sites that offer information about promising prevention strategies. This information is not an endorsement of any specific program or intervention listed. Rather, these links are meant to provide additional resources for PwP program development.
CDC: Compendium of HIV Prevention Interventions with Evidence of Effectiveness.
Provides science-based interventions to prevent HIV transmission. Each intervention comes from behavioral or social studies that feature both intervention and control/comparison groups and have positive results for behavioral or health outcomes. View Web site.
Diffusion of Effective Behavioral Interventions (DEBI)
Provides additional science-based HIV prevention interventions to service providers and health departments. Aims to increase the efficacy of interventions at the state and local levels; to reduce the spread of HIV and STDs; and to promote healthy behaviors. The DEBI Project offers training and helps to coordinate technical assistance to service providers. View Web site.
CDC Initiative: Advancing HIV Prevention
Aims to increase early diagnosis of HIV infection and access to quality medical care, treatment and ongoing prevention services for those already diagnosed with HIV. View Web site
CDC: Replicating Effective Programs Plus
Identifies and implements HIV/AIDS prevention programs that have been shown to be effective in real-world application. View Web site
CHIPTS: List of Effective Interventions
Enhances the collective understanding of HIV research and promotes early detection and effective prevention and treatment programs for HIV. The Center for HIV Identification, Prevention and Treatment Services (CHIPTS) is a collaboration of researchers from UCLA, Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Friends Research Institute and RAND. View Web site
NAPWA: Principles of HIV Prevention with Positives
Represents the perspectives of those living with HIV/AIDS. Sponsored by the National Association of People with AIDS (NAPWA), these principles were developed in a series of meetings with diverse groups of HIV-positive people from around the country. View PDF
NMAC: Organizational Effectiveness Online Publications
Provides specific information on topics such as program development, program evaluation and grant writing. Produced by the National Minority AIDS Council, these manuals provide community-based organizations with powerful tools to enhance their organizational effectiveness. View Web site
Southwestern Medical Center HIV Prevention Tool Box
Provides information to those working directly in HIV/AIDS prevention, including outreach workers and educators. View Web site
Resources
Research Studies: Bibliography
Listed below are selected articles relating to Prevention with Positives research studies. For each study, the reference (i.e., where to find the study) is included, as well as a brief description of the study's purpose.
These studies explore the types of interventions that have been conducted and their subsequent results. Please note that this is only a sample of the research studies that have been conducted in the United States. Similar research may be found online and in print journals.
"Effectiveness of an Intervention to Reduce HIV Transmission Risks in HIV-Positive People"
Kalichman, et al. (2001), American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 21(2): 84-922
Examines transmission risk in HIV-positive men and women recruited from AIDS service organizations and infectious disease clinics in Atlanta. Aims to develop skills to effectively cope with HIV-related stressors and sexual risk-producing situations; enhance effective decision-making skills for self-disclosing status; and encourage the development of safer sexual practices.
"A Sexual Risk Reduction Intervention for HIV-positive Individuals: Preliminary Findings from Gay and Bisexual Men"
Patterson, et al. (1999), National HIV Prevention Conference. Abstract #355
Uses the social cognitive model of behavior change to reduce risk of HIV transmission among HIV-positive individuals (MSM, bisexuals, women) who reported having unprotected sex with at least one HIV-negative or unknown status partner during the previous four months.
"Long-term Effectiveness of a Peer-Based Intervention to Promote Condom and Contraceptive Use Among HIV-Positive and At-Risk Women"
Fogarty, et al. (2001), Public Health Reports. 116(Supp.1): 103-119
Evaluates the long-term effects of a peer-advocate intervention on condom and contraceptive use in women infected with or at risk for contracting HIV.
"Efficacy of a Preventive Intervention for Youths
Living with HIV"
Rotheram-Borus, et al. (2001), American Journal of Public Health. 91(3): 400-405
Assesses the health behavior and transmission acts of youth with HIV in four AIDS epicenters: Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Miami.
"Promoting Safer Sex Among HIV-Positive Youth with Haemophilia: Theory, Intervention, and Outcome"
Butler, et al. (2003), Haemophilia. 9: 214-222
Explores efforts to change sexual behavior and promote safer sex practices in order to prevent HIV transmission in adolescent and young adult males with haemophilia and HIV infection.
UCLA Healthy Living Project
Principal Investigator: M. Lightfoot
Targets HIV-positive women, MSM and IDU in Los Angeles, Milwaukee, New York and San Francisco focusing on multiple health-related behaviors in people with HIV. Aims to reduce sexual and injection drug use risk behaviors in order to decrease the likelihood of secondary HIV transmission. View Web site
"Prevention of Heterosexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Through Couples Counseling"
Padian, et al. (1993), Journal of AIDS. 6:1043-1048
Examines risk factors for heterosexual HIV transmission among a prospective cohort of HIV-infected individuals (index cases) and their heterosexual partners.
Positive Power Project
Lemke, A., Barland, K.
HIV/AIDS Project Development and Evaluation Unit,
University of Washington
Targets HIV-positive MSM to develop and implement a behavior-based HIV prevention intervention to reduce unsafe sex practices. Intervention consists of a six-week discussion group (one session per week) facilitated by mental health therapists.
"Reducing HIV Risk Behaviors and Depression through PC"
Ghossein, Y., et al. (2003), 131st Annual APHA Conference, Abstract #59945
Determines the impact of prevention case management on reducing risk behaviors and levels of depression in high risk, HIV-positive individuals.
"Prevention Options for Positives: Evaluation of a Theoretically-Based Intervention Targeted to HIV-Infected Men who have Sex with Men"
Randall, L., et al. (2003), 131st Annual APHA Conference, Abstract #70131
Evaluates an intervention based on an extended theory of reasoned action to promote adoption and maintenance of HIV risk-reducing behavior by addressing self-efficacy, social norms and communication strategies in HIV-positive MSM.
"Stress, Social Support, and HIV-Status Disclosure to Family and Friends Among HIV-Positive Men and Women"
Kalichman, SC., DiMarco, M., Austin, J., Luke, W., DiFonzo, K. (2003)
J Behav Med. 26(4): 315-332
Examines patterns of HIV status disclosure and social support for HIV-positive men and women. Structured interviews assessed HIV status disclosure to family and friends, perceived stress of disclosure, social support and depression.
"Reducing the Sexual Risk Behaviors of HIV-Positive Individuals: Outcomes of a Randomized Control Trial"
Patterson, T., Shaw, W., Semple, S. (2003), Ann Behav Med. 25(2): 137-145
Targets 387 HIV-positive individuals who reported engaging in unprotected sex with HIV-negative or partners of unknown status to reduce the sexual risk behaviors of HIV-positive individuals.
Capacity Building and Technical Assistance
This section highlights available resources to build agency/program technical capacity and to adopt, adapt, implement, evaluate and conduct quality assurance for PwP programs.
NAPWA
View PDF
Advocates on behalf of all people living with HIV and AIDS in order to end the pandemic and the human suffering caused by HIV/AIDS. Founded in 1983 as a non-profit membership organization, NAPWA is a CBA provider for agencies implementing HIV prevention with positive programs:
NNAAPC
View Web site
Represents concerned Native people willing to speak publicly on the need for HIV prevention education by and for Native Americans, Alaska Natives and Native Hawaiians. Utilizes culturally appropriate advocacy, research, education and policy development in support of healthy indigenous people.
APIAHF
View Web site
Advocates on health issues of significance to Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (AA,NHOPI) communities; conducts coalition- and capacity-building activities; provides data analysis and information dissemination; and convenes regional and national conferences on AA,NHOPI health.
APIAHF Partners
View Web site
Works with partner agencies to provide HIV prevention education and regional capacity-building assistance to Asian and Pacific Islander communities.
Other CBA providers serving ethnic/racial minority populations in the Western Region:
Who We Are
Miguel Chion, MD, MPH
Program Manager
Capacity Building and Training
Phone: 213.201.1605
Fax: 213.201.1598
mchion@apla.org
Oscar Marquez
Program Coordinator
Peer Support Training Program
Phone: 213.201.1641
Fax: 213.201.1598
omarquez@apla.org
Contact
APLA Webmaster |
